The Department of Agriculture, Land Reform, and Rural Development has advised farmers to stay vigilant and monitor daily extreme weather warnings as the country faces challenging conditions ahead of the summer season.

The department noted that large parts of South Africa are currently experiencing poor veld and livestock conditions. Many dryland farmers are struggling with insufficient rainfall, preventing them from planting crops. In its latest Seasonal Climate Watch report, the South African Weather Service (SAWS), dated 31 October 2024, forecasted above-normal rainfall for most north-eastern summer rainfall regions during the summer. However, some interior regions are expected to receive below-normal rainfall during the mid- to late-summer period.

While the predictions are optimistic for the north-eastern areas, the department has urged caution, especially in light of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which could potentially shift to a La Niña state. This shift may alter the accuracy of weather predictions, so farmers are encouraged to continue monitoring the situation.

“Farmers are advised to approach the season with vigilance and to follow weather forecasts regularly. It is crucial to wait for sufficient moisture before planting and consider drought-tolerant cultivars in areas experiencing ongoing dry conditions,” the department stated.

In regions where conditions are relatively favorable, farmers are encouraged to prepare for the expected weather changes. However, they are cautioned against expanding their planting areas unnecessarily. “Farmers should also consider short-season cultivars and be aware that rainfall distribution may not be uniform across the country,” the department explained.

Additionally, farmers are urged to take proactive measures to protect their crops from pests and diseases, which are more likely in wet and hot conditions. With above-normal rainfall and high temperatures expected, especially in the north-eastern parts of the country, there is an increased risk of crop damage and the spread of pests.

Farmers using irrigation systems are also reminded to comply with water restrictions in their areas and conserve resources in accordance with the Conservation of Agricultural Resources Act (CARA). For livestock, the department advises that farmers ensure sufficient water points, provide shelter during extreme weather, and maintain the balance between livestock numbers and the carrying capacity of their land.

As veld fires continue to pose a threat in various provinces, the department stresses the importance of creating and maintaining fire belts and following veld fire warnings. Additionally, the risk of heatwaves and localised flooding remains high throughout the summer, requiring farmers to implement preventive strategies.

The department will continue monitoring the seasonal forecasts and provide updates as necessary, partnering with stakeholders to raise awareness and help farmers respond effectively to emerging risks.